The greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere have continued to rise over the last 10 years and in 2023 have annual average values of 419 ppm for carbon dioxide (CO2), 1,940 ppb for methane (CH4) and 336.8 ppb for nitrous oxide (N2O ) reached. The mean global decadal surface temperature rose by more than 1.3 °C between 1880 and 2023 (see Fig. “Human influence has warmed the climate to a degree not seen in at least 2,000 years was”). In the northern hemisphere, the last decade was the warmest in more than 125,000 years.

Human Influence On The Earth's Climate

The warming of the surface air layer will continue until the end of the 21st century. All greenhouse gas emission scenarios used result in an increase in temperature by the end of the 21st century. Depending on the scenario, average warming can range from 1.5 to 5.7 °C compared to pre-industrial conditions (reference period: 1850-1900). Only under the condition of very ambitious climate protection measures and drastic reductions in CO2 and other "greenhouse gas" emissions could the average temperature increase by 2100 be limited to 1.5 °C to 2.4 °C compared to the pre-industrial period.

The report of Working Group I of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change comes to the clear conclusion that human-caused (anthropogenic) greenhouse gas emissions are clearly the cause of the current and further warming of the Earth's climate system. The numerous “consequences of global warming” – including extreme events – are becoming increasingly obvious and can be directly attributed to the anthropogenic “greenhouse effect”. The effects of global climate change have therefore become more intense and frequent and will continue to do so in the coming decades. The increase in global mean surface temperature compared to pre-industrial levels is likely to reach 1.5°C in the early 2030s.

The second part of the report focuses on the consequences of climate change and “adaptation to climate change”. The IPCC warns: Climate risks for ecosystems and people are increasing rapidly worldwide. Only consistent climate protection and early climate adaptation can reduce risks. The partial report describes the effects of the climate crisis very clearly. Massive consequences for ecosystems and people are already visible in all regions of the world and global CO₂ emissions continue to rise. The effects of the climate crisis will still have a noticeable impact on people and ecosystems even if we manage to decisively change course and limit global warming to 1.5 °C.

Probably the most important message of the third part of the report is that it would still be technologically and economically possible to limit global warming to 1.5°C by 2100 in accordance with the Paris Agreement. However, this requires an immediate global trend reversal as well as profound greenhouse gas reductions in all regions of the world and all sectors (i.e. in energy systems, cities, agriculture and forestry, land use, buildings, transport and industry). Immediate climate protection measures would only slightly reduce global economic growth – compared to a purely hypothetical development that does not include climate change at all. Compared to the expected economic crises and recessions if warming exceeds 1.8 °C, immediate climate protection measures also represent an extremely worthwhile investment from an economic point of view. For the first time, energy and emissions-saving behavior in companies and in everyday life was also the focus of the partial report. Improved global framework conditions such as political and regulatory instruments, international cooperation, market instruments (e.g. CO₂ pricing), investments, innovations, technology transfer, development of know-how and climate-friendly lifestyles offer opportunities for the necessary system transformations in line with sustainable development and global justice to design. Poverty reduction and a secure energy supply could be achieved without significant increases in emissions. The most important options lie in the use of solar energy and wind power as well as in the mobility, building and food sectors (especially less meat consumption), but also particularly in the protection and improvement of the effectiveness of ecosystems (especially global forests and... Moore).

https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/minderung-des-klimawandels-was-notwendig-moeglich#undefined

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Mitigating Climate Change – What is Necessary and Possible

The third part of the 6th IPCC assessment report assessed the progress in limiting global greenhouse gas emissions and the range of reduction and action options in all sectors. Without rapid political implementation, the global temperature target of 1.5°C by 2100 is no longer achievable. Ambitious climate protection is also the prerequisite for successful climate adaptation.

Here we have summarized the key statements of the third part of the report for you.

https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/minderung-des-klimawandels-was-notwendig-moeglich#undefined

and it's translation

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